We’ve always heard excellent things about the Playwright testing framework, but couldn’t get an opportunity to try it out until early this year. Since then, it has developed into one of our go-to test automation frameworks for creating new automation projects. It’s one of the quickest, most dependable frameworks I’ve used, is feature-rich and is simple to set up.
Once you complete this Playwright lesson, you will be able to create end-to-end tests for your next projects. Together with exploring its broad feature set, we’ll go into test preparation, a review of other well-liked integrations, and more. We’ll be walking you through each step of the procedure in this Playwright testing tutorial so you can follow along, from the Playwright framework’s initial installation through the complete execution of a test suite.
Now let’s get going!

What is the Playwright framework?
Playwright is a popular open-source Node.js library for automating web browsers like Chromium, Firefox, and WebKit. It was developed by Microsoft and was first released in 2019.
Playwright provides a high-level API for browser automation designed to be easy to use yet flexible enough to handle complex scenarios. It allows you to write scripts that interact with web pages just like a user would, including clicking buttons, filling out forms, and navigating to different pages.
One of the key features of Playwright is that it provides support for multiple browsers. This means you can write a single script that will work across different browsers without having to write separate scripts for each browser. Additionally, Playwright offers a consistent API across all supported browsers, making writing and maintaining your scripts easier.
Another advantage of Playwright is that it offers powerful debugging tools to help you diagnose issues in your scripts. For example, you can take screenshots, log network activity, and even record videos of your scripts in action. Overall, Playwright is a powerful and flexible framework for browser automation that can help you save time and effort in your web development and testing workflows.
Why use the Playwright framework?
There are several reasons why you might want to use the Playwright framework for browser automation:
Cross-browser support: Playwright supports multiple browsers, including Chromium, Firefox, and WebKit. This means you can write your automation scripts once and run them across different browsers without modifying your code.
Robust automation capabilities: Playwright provides a high-level API for interacting with web pages, which makes it easy to automate tasks like filling out forms, clicking buttons, and navigating to different pages. It also offers advanced automation capabilities, such as intercepting network requests, simulating user input, and manipulating browser settings.
Reliable and stable: Playwright is developed and maintained by Microsoft, which means it has a big community of developers and get regular updates. It also has a robust test suite and comprehensive documentation, ensuring it is reliable and stable.
Debugging tools: Playwright offers powerful debugging tools, such as taking screenshots, logging network activity, and recording videos of your scripts in action. These tools can help you diagnose issues in your scripts and improve your automation workflow.
Easy to learn and use: Playwright has a simple and intuitive API, which makes it easy to learn and use, even if you don’t have much experience with browser automation. It also offers a REPL (Read-Eval-Print Loop) mode, which allows you to experiment with the API and test your code interactively.
Overall, Playwright is a powerful and flexible framework for browser automation that can help you save time and effort in your web development and testing workflows and offers many benefits as compared to other frameworks.

Architecture: Playwright framework
The Playwright framework is designed to provide a high-level API for automating web browsers such as Chromium, Firefox, and WebKit. It is built on top of the DevTools Protocol, a JSON-based protocol that allows developers to control browser behavior and debug browser-based applications remotely.
The Playwright’s architecture has three main components: the browser, the context, and the page.
Browser: The browser component is responsible for launching and managing browser instances. Each browser instance represents a separate browser window, which can have one or more associated contexts.
Context: The context component represents an isolated browsing context within a browser instance. Each context has its own set of cookies, cache, and other browser states, which makes it possible to simulate multiple independent users or sessions within the same browser instance.
Page: The page component represents a web page within a browsing context. It provides methods for interacting with the page, such as clicking buttons, filling out forms, and navigating to other pages.
When you write automation scripts using Playwright, you typically create a browser instance, create one or more contexts within that instance, and then create pages within each context to interact with the web pages you want to automate.
Under the hood, Playwright uses a combination of native operating system APIs, such as Win32 and Cocoa, and the DevTools Protocol to interact with the browser. This allows it to provide a reliable and consistent automation experience across different browsers and operating systems. Overall, the Playwright architecture is designed to be flexible and extensible, allowing developers to easily write complex automation scripts while providing a high degree of control over browser behavior.

Creating your first Playwright project
To create your first Playwright project, you’ll need to follow these basic steps:
1- Install Node.js:
Playwright is built on top of Node.js, so you’ll need Node.js installed on your machine. You can download and install Node.js from the official website:
2- Create a new Node.js project:
Once you have Node.js installed, you can create a new Node.js project using a package manager like npm or yarn. For example, to create a new project using npm, you can run the following command in your terminal:
npm init
This will create a new package.json file in your project directory.
3- Install the Playwright Library:
To use Playwright in your project, you must install the Playwright package. You can do this by running the following command in your terminal:
npm install playwright
This will install the latest version of Playwright and its dependencies.
4- Write your first script:
Once you have Playwright installed, you can write your first script. Here’s an example script that launches a new Chromium browser window and navigates to the Google homepage:
const { chromium } = require('playwright');
(async () => {
const browser = await chromium.launch();
const context = await browser.newContext();: const page = await context.newPage();,
await page.goto('https://www.google.com'); await browser.close();
})();
This script uses the Chromium module from the playwright package to launch a new Chromium browser instance, create a new browsing context, and open a new page. It then navigates to the Google homepage and closes the browser instance.
5- Run your script:
To run your script, you can save it to a file (e.g., my-script.js) and then run it using Node.js in your terminal:
node my-script.js
This will launch a new Chromium browser window and navigate to the Google homepage.
That’s it! You’ve created your first Playwright project and written your first automation script! From here, you can explore the Playwright API and start writing more complex scripts to automate your web browser testing and development workflows.
VS Code extensions for Playwright
Several VS Code extensions can enhance your Playwright development experience. Here are some of the most popular ones:
Playwright Snippets: This extension provides a collection of code snippets for common Playwright operations, such as launching a browser, creating a new page, and interacting with elements on a page.
Playwright Testing: This extension provides a Playwright testing framework that allows you to write and run tests directly in VS Code. It includes test parallelization, automatic retries, and test isolation.
Playwright Inspector: This extension provides a graphical user interface for debugging and inspecting Playwright scripts. It allows you to explore the DOM and view network requests and responses interactively.
Puppeteer vs. Playwright: This extension provides a side-by-side comparison of the Puppeteer and Playwright APIs, making it easier to transition from Puppeteer to Playwright.
Quokka.js: This extension provides a live coding and debugging environment within VS Code. It allows you to quickly test and iterate on Playwright scripts without running them in a separate terminal.
These extensions can help you be more productive when working with Playwright in VS Code. They can save your time by providing code snippets, simplifying your Playwright testing workflow, and making debugging and exploring your scripts easier.
Conclusion
Playwright is a highly adaptable framework with features that are just delightful to use, which sets it apart from other frameworks in the business, which may often be more of a chore.
It makes creating automated tests relatively straightforward, and you can create extensive test suites much faster than you could with other methods. The entrance threshold is maintained low as well, making it less scary to introduce to a new team.
We sincerely hope that you learned something from this Playwright tutorial and that it becomes one of your go-to automation frameworks in the future. CodeAutomation is a reliable and efficient tech company that can greatly assist you with Playwright testing. With our expertise in automation testing, we can provide you with customized solutions that cater to your specific needs.
Our skilled team of professionals can help you achieve faster and more accurate testing results, while also reducing the overall cost of testing. Whether you are a small business or a large enterprise, CodeAutomation can help you streamline your testing process and improve your software quality. So, if you want to optimize your testing efforts and ensure the success of your software project, consider partnering with CodeAutomation for your Playwright testing needs.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: What programming languages can I use with Playwright?
A: Playwright supports JavaScript, TypeScript, and Python. It has API bindings for each of these languages, so you can use the language of your choice to write your automation scripts.
Q: Can I use Playwright to automate mobile browsers?
A: Yes, Playwright supports mobile browsers such as Safari on iOS and Chrome on Android. The playwright can automate mobile browser testing on both simulators/emulators and physical devices.
Q: How does Playwright compare to other browser automation frameworks?
A: Playwright offers several advantages over browser automation frameworks, such as Puppeteer and Selenium. It supports multiple browsers, provides a high-level API for common automation tasks, and has built-in support for modern web technologies such as WebSockets and Service Workers.
Q: Can I use Playwright to test web applications that require user authentication?
A: Yes, Playwright supports authentication via cookies and HTTP authentication headers. You can use Playwright to authenticate as a specific user and then perform actions on the application as that user.
Q: Does Playwright require a separate WebDriver server to run?
A: No, Playwright does not require a separate WebDriver server to run. It communicates with the browser directly using the DevTools Protocol, which makes it faster and more reliable than other automation frameworks that require a separate WebDriver server.
Q: Is Playwright suitable for end-to-end testing?
A: Yes, Playwright is suitable for end-to-end testing of web applications. It provides a high-level API for interacting with web pages, supports multiple browsers out of the box, and has built-in support for common testing scenarios such as taking screenshots and generating performance metrics.